The NMDA receptor is a type of ionotropic receptor that is permeable to which ions?
- A) Sodium and potassium
- B) Calcium and sodium ✅
- C) Potassium and chloride
- D) Chloride and calcium
2. Which neurotransmitter is predominantly involved in the “fight or flight” response?
- A) Serotonin
- B) Dopamine
- C) Norepinephrine ✅
- D) Acetylcholine
3. Which neurotransmitter is involved in pain perception and is often targeted by opioids?
- A) Dopamine
- B) Serotonin
- C) Glutamate
- D) Endorphins ✅
4. Which neurotransmitter is involved in the regulation of movement and is significantly affected in Parkinson’s disease?
- A) Serotonin
- B) Dopamine ✅
- C) Glutamate
- D) Norepinephrine
5. Which ion channel is primarily responsible for the inhibitory action of GABA in the central nervous system?
- A) Sodium channel
- B) Potassium channel
- C) Calcium channel
- D) Chloride channel ✅
6. Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the sleep-wake cycle and is produced in the pineal gland?
- A) Dopamine
- B) Melatonin ✅
- C) Glutamate
- D) Serotonin
7. Which ion is primarily responsible for depolarization during an action potential?
- A) Sodium (Na⁺) ✅
- B) Potassium (K⁺)
- C) Calcium (Ca²⁺)
- D) Chloride (Cl⁻)
8. Which type of ion channel is involved in the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron?
- A) Voltage-gated calcium channel ✅
- B) Ligand-gated sodium channel
- C) Voltage-gated potassium channel
- D) Ligand-gated chloride channel
9. GABA-A receptors are an example of which type of ion channel?
- A) Voltage-gated
- B) Ligand-gated ✅
- C) Mechanosensitive
- D) Leak
10. Which class of medications works by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine?
- A) SSRIs
- B) SNRIs ✅
- C) MAOIs
- D) NDRIs